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Industries and Jobs with Special Exemptions and/or Special Rules

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  • Revised: November 2009
  • Content last reviewed: November 2009
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This guide is provided for your information and convenience only. It is not a legal document. For complete information, refer to the Employment Standards Act, 2000 and its regulations.

The Employment Standards Act, 2000 (ESA) applies to most employers and employees in Ontario. However, certain industries and/or jobs are covered by the ESA, but are exempt from (that is, not covered by) some provisions, or are subject to special rules. The following chart is a quick reference tool, for complete information please refer to the ESA and its regulations. Provisions of the ESA that have no exemptions or special rules, such as pregnancy leave, parental leave, or family medical leave, are not included. Jobs and industries with no exemptions or special rules are not included.

Regulations containing special rules and exemptions to the minimum standards of the ESA are:

  • Exemptions, Special Rules And Establishment Of Minimum Wage--O. Reg. 285/01
  • Termination And Severance Of Employment--O. Reg. 288/01
  • Terms And Conditions Of Employment In Defined Industries--O. Reg. 291/01
  • Terms And Conditions Of Employment In Defined Industries - Ambulance Services --O. Reg. 491/06
  • Terms And Conditions Of Employment In Defined Industries - Automobile Manufacturing, Automobile Parts Manufacturing, Automobile Parts Warehousing And Automobile Marshalling--O. Reg. 502/06
  • Terms And Conditions Of Employment In Defined Industries - Live Performances, Trade Shows And Conventions --O. Reg. 160/05
  • Terms And Conditions Of Employment In Defined Industries - Mineral Exploration And Mining--O. Reg. 159/05
  • Terms And Conditions Of Employment In Defined Industries - Public Transit Services--O. Reg. 390/05

This chart outlines how some common jobs are covered by the Employment Standards Act. For more information about your specific situation, please contact the Information Centre at (416) 326-7160 or 1-800-531-5551, or visit the nearest ServiceOntario Centre

Choose the job category or industry that best describes your job. Not all jobs are listed.


Job Categories

C = Covered
NC = Not Covered
SRA = Special Rules Apply

Minimum Wage Hours of Work Daily Rest Periods Weekly/Bi-weekly Rest Periods Eating Periods Overtime Paid Public Holidays Vacation With Pay Termination Notice/Pay and Severance Pay
Ambulance drivers, ambulance drivers' helpers and first aid attendants on an ambulance.  (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

Special rules apply for paramedics and emergency medical attendants.

C C C C C NC C C C
Automobile manufacturing, automobile parts manufacturing, automobile parts warehousing and automobile marshalling

Daily Rest Periods: On one day in each work week, the period that is free from performing work may be shorter than 11 consecutive hours but shall be at least eight consecutive hours. (See O.Reg. 502/06.)

C C SRA C C C C C C
Construction employees (on-site and related off-site)

Overtime pay 1½ × regular rate for each hour in a work week in excess of:

  • Road building: streets, highways and parking lots (on-site) excluding on-site road maintenance
    55 hours, with limited averaging over two successive work weeks.
  • Road building: bridges, tunnels, retaining walls in connection with streets or highways (on-site employees)
    50 hours with limited averaging over two successive work weeks.
  • Sewers, watermains and incidental work, including guarding the site:
    50 hours
(See O.Reg. 285/01.)

Public Holidays: exempted if receiving at least 7.7 per cent of wages for vacation pay or holiday pay. (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

C NC NC NC C SRA SRA C NC
Construction employees: Road maintenance (on-site)

Overtime Pay: 55 hours, with limited averaging over two successive weeks. (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

Public Holidays: Exempted if receiving at least 7.7 per cent of wages for vacation pay or holiday pay.  (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

Termination notice/pay and severance pay: Entitled to notice of termination. Exempted from severance pay. (See O.Reg. 288/01.)

C NC NC NC C SRA SRA C SRA
Continuous operation employees (e.g. oil refineries, steel works, breweries)

Public Holidays: In some cases, may be required to work on a public holiday.  (See Special Rules for Certain Industries.)

C C C C C C SRA C C
Crown employees NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC C
Domestic workers employed by a householder. Provide services in the household or care, supervision or personal assistance to children, senior or disabled members of the household. Does not include a sitter who provides care, supervision or personal assistance to children on an occasional, short-term basis

Minimum Wage: No deductions for non-private room.  (See the Domestic Workers fact sheet.)

SRA C C C C C C C C
Drivers and drivers' helpers on a 'for hire' delivery vehicle for local cartage.

Overtime pay: 1½ × regular rate for each hour in excess of 50 in a work week. (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

C C C C C SRA C C C
Drivers of highway transport trucks ('for hire') 

Overtime pay: 1½ ×regular rate for each hour in excess of 60 in a work week; based only on hours driver is directly responsible for truck. (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

C C C C C SRA C C C
Embalmers and funeral directors (See O.Reg.285/01.) C NC NC NC C C C C C
Farm employees who are directly employed in primary production of eggs, milk, grain, seeds, fruit, vegetables, maple products, honey, tobacco, herbs, pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, deer, elk, ratites, bison, rabbits, game birds, wild boar and cultured fish. (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

(Also see: 'Farm Related Exemptions', Harvesters, Landscape gardeners.)

NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC C
“Farm related exemptions:”
Workers directly employed in the growing of flowers, trees and shrubs for the retail and wholesale trade; growing, transporting and laying of sod; breeding and boarding of horses on a farm; or the keeping of fur-bearing mammals under the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act, 1997 for propagation or commercial production of pelts. (See O.Reg. 285/01.) (Also see: Farm employees, Harvesters, Landscape gardeners.)
C NC NC NC NC NC NC C C
Film and television industry:
Recorded visual and audiovisual entertainment production

Does not include producing commercials, video games, or educational material.  (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

C NC NC NC NC C C C C
Firefighters (See O.Reg. 285/01.) C NC NC NC C NC NC C C
Fishers (commercial) (See O.Reg. 285/01.) NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC C
Fresh fruit, vegetable canning, processing and packing or distribution: seasonal employees (with the employer not more than 16 weeks in a calendar year).

Overtime pay: 1½ × regular rate for hours in excess of 50 in a work week. (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

C C C C C SRA C C C
Garment Industry:
Women’s coat and suit industry
Women’s dress and sportswear industry.  (See O.Reg. 291/01.)
SRA SRA SRA SRA SRA SRA SRA SRA C
Harvesters of fruit, vegetables and tobacco

Minimum Wage: Special rules for piece work rates and deemed payment of wages for providing room and board.

Public Holidays: Standard applies after 13 consecutive weeks or more with an employer. In some cases, may be required to work on a public holiday - (See Special Rules for Certain Industries: continuous operations)

Vacation with Pay: Standard applies after 13 weeks or more with an employer.

(See O.Reg. 285/01.)

(Also see: Farm employees, 'Farm Related Exemptions', Landscape gardeners)

SRA NC NC NC NC NC SRA SRA C

Homecare, elect-to-work employees providing certain professional, personal support or homemaking services under a contract with a community care access corporation.

C C C C C C C C NC

Homemakers, employed by a third party, such as an agency, to perform domestic services for a householder and/or family in their private residence.

Minimum Wage: Employer not required to pay more than 12 hours/day at (at least) minimum wage. (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

SRA NC NC NC NC NC C C C
Homeworkers (employees who do work such as: word processing, telephone soliciting, online research, sewing, manufacturing, or preparing food for resale in their own home for an employer) (See Homeworkers fact sheet.)

Minimum Wage: 110 per cent of general minimum wage.

SRA C C C C C C C C
Hospital employees

Public Holidays: In some cases, may be required to work on a public holiday. (See Special Rules for Certain Industries.)

C C C C C C SRA C C
Hotel, motel, tourist resort, restaurant or tavern employees
(category 1)

Public Holidays: In some cases, may be required to work on a public holiday.  (See Special Rules for Certain Industries)

C C C C C C SRA C C
Hotel, motel, tourist resort, restaurant or tavern employees
(category 2)
provided with room and board and who work more than 16 and not more than 24 weeks per year

Overtime pay: 1½ × regular rate for each hour in excess of 50 in a work week (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

Public Holidays: In some cases, may be required to work on a public holiday. (See Special Rules for Certain Industries.)

C C C C C SRA SRA C C
Hotel, motel, tourist resort, restaurant or tavern employees
(category 3)
who are provided with room and board and who work 16 weeks or less per year

Overtime pay: 1½ × regular rate for each hour in excess of 50 in a work week.  (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

C C C C C SRA NC C C
Hunting and fishing guides

Minimum Wage: Rates for less than five consecutive hours/day and for five or more hours/day.  (See O.Reg. 285/01.)

SRA NC NC NC C NC NC C C
Information technology professionals who use specialized knowledge and professional judgement to work with information systems based on computers and related technologies.  (See O.Reg. 285/01.) C NC NC NC NC NC C C C
Landscape gardeners (See O.Reg. 285/01.) C NC C C C NC NC C C
Liquor servers

Minimum Wage: (special liquor servers rate), does not include tips and gratuities.

Public Holidays and Overtime Pay: exemption and/or special rules may apply.  (See Hotel, motel, tourist resort, restaurant or tavern employees categories 1-3.)

SRA C C C C SRA SRA C C
Live performances, trade shows and convention
(See O.Reg 160/05.)
C C SRA C C C C C C
Maintenance employees working on site on buildings, structures, sewers, pipelines, mains, tunnels or other works except roads.

Termination Notice/Pay, Severance Pay: Exempted from severance pay.  (See O.Reg. 288/01.)

C C C C C C C C SRA
Managerial and supervisory employees (See O.Reg. 285/01.) C NC NC NC C NC C C C
Mining industry/mineral exploration industry (See O.Reg 159/05.) C C C SRA C C C C C
Part-time, unless employed in an exempted industry or occupational group. C C C C C C C C C

Paramedics and Emergency medical attendants in the land and air ambulance industry who are represented by a bargaining agent

Daily Rest Periods: shall receive period of at least eight consecutive hours free from performing work in each day.

Eating Periods: by agreement between employer and bargaining agent may agree to a term that addresses the employee's entitlement to an eating period. That term applies to that employer and employee instead of section 20 of the ESA. (See O. Reg. 491/06.)

C C SRA C SRA NC C C C
Professionals
(Category 1)
Employees who are:
qualified practitioners of architecture, law, professional engineering, public accounting, surveying, and veterinary science;
registered practitioners of chiropody (including podiatry), chiropractic, dentistry, massage therapy, medicine, optometry, pharmacy, physiotherapy or psychology;
registered practitioners under the Drugless Practitioners' Act (e.g., naturopaths, osteopaths)
teachers, as defined in the Teaching Profession Act; and
students training for these professions.

(See O.Reg. 285/01.)

Personal Emergency Leave may not be taken where it would constitute an act of professional misconduct or a dereliction of professional duty.

NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC C
Professionals:
(Category 2)
Registered practitioners under Schedule 1 of the Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991, not listed in the previous section:
Audiologists, dental hygienists, dental technologists, denturists, dieticians, medical laboratory technologists, medical radiation technologists, midwives, nurses, occupational therapists, opticians, respiratory therapists and speech language therapists.

Personal Emergency Leave may not be taken where it would constitute an act of professional misconduct or a dereliction of professional duty.

(See also: hospital employees.)

C C C C C C C C C
Public transit services:  (See O.Reg. 390/05.) C C SRA C SRA C C C C
Real estate salespersons or broker  (See O.Reg. 285/01.) NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC C
Residential care workers who care for or supervise children or developmentally handicapped persons in a residence and live in the residence when working.

Minimum Wage: Hourly minimum wage entitlement to a maximum of 12 hours a day, unless employee provides the employer with an accurate daily record of hours worked, in which case the daily maximum is 15 hours.

Free time: 36 hours per work week, which are to be consecutive unless the employee consents to another arrangement. If an employee consents to work during free time, wages are calculated at 1½ X the regular rate for time worked or time in lieu may be added to one of next eight free time periods. (See Special Rules Re Residential Care Workers,  O.Reg. 285/01.)

SRA NC NC SRA NC NC C C C
Sales--commission who normally sell away from their employer's office or plant (except those who sell on a route). (See O.Reg. 285/01.) NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC C
Salespersons--commission in automobile sector

Minimum Wage: Maximum pay period of one month. Reconciliation periods for wages are:

  • January 1 - March 31
  • April 1 - June 30
  • July 1 - Sept. 30
  • October 1 - December 31

(See O.Reg. 285/01.)

SRA C C C C C C C C
Students under 18 who:
  1. Work 28 hours or less a week during the school term or
  2. Work during school holidays.

Minimum Wage: special student rate.

SRA C C C C C C C C
Students employed to instruct or supervise children, or at a camp for children, or directly in a recreation program operated by a charitable organization  (See O.Reg. 285/01.) NC C C C C NC NC C C
Superintendents, janitors and caretakers of a residential building who reside in the building. (See O.Reg. 285/01.) NC NC NC NC C NC NC C C
Swimming pools
Persons employed to install and maintain swimming pools. (See O.Reg. 285/01.)
C NC C C C NC NC C C
Taxicab drivers
(See O.Reg. 285/01.)
C C C C C NC NC C C
Temporary help agency assignment employees, unless employed in an exempted occupational group.

Special calculations for both termination and serverance pay and sector-specific rules for mass notice of termination (See s.74.11 ESA 2000 .)

C C C C C C C C SRA

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